Air Conditioning Systems

Residential split-type air conditioning systems separate the cooling equipment into an outdoor unit (condenser) and an indoor unit (evaporator). They are commonly classified by air distribution method and by how they control cooling capacity.

Central Split Air Conditioning Systems

The most common split-type system in single-family homes.

Description: An outdoor condenser connects to an indoor evaporator coil, usually paired with a furnace or air handler. Cooled air is distributed through ductwork.
Efficiency: Moderate to high (SEER/SEER2 rated).
Advantages: Even whole-home cooling, quiet indoor operation.
Limitations: Requires ductwork; less flexible for zoning.
Typical use: Homes with existing ducts.

Types of Air Conditioning Systems

1. Single-Stage Split Systems

Defined by how the system controls cooling output.

Description: The system operates at one fixed cooling capacity.
Efficiency: Lower than advanced systems.
Advantages: Simple design, lower cost.
Limitations: Temperature swings and higher energy use.
Typical use: Entry-level or budget installations.

2. Two-Stage Split Systems

Offer improved comfort over single-stage systems.

Description: Operate at a lower cooling level most of the time and switch to full capacity during high demand.
Efficiency: Moderate to high.
Advantages: More consistent temperatures, quieter operation.
Limitations: Higher cost than single-stage systems.
Typical use: Homes seeking better comfort without premium cost.

3. Variable-Speed (Inverter) Split Systems

The most advanced split-type systems.

Description: Use inverter technology to continuously adjust compressor speed to match cooling demand.
Efficiency: Very high.
Advantages: Best energy efficiency, excellent temperature control, very quiet.
Limitations: Highest upfront cost and more complex electronics.
Typical use: High-efficiency homes and comfort-focused installations.